GST-registered businesses in India must file specific returns to report their sales, purchases, and tax liability. GSTR-1, GSTR-2, and GSTR-3B are crucial for GST compliance. This guide provides a step-by-step process for filing each of these returns.
1. How to File GSTR-1 (Outward Supplies Report)
GSTR-1 is a monthly or quarterly return that reports sales (outward supplies) made by a business.
Step-by-Step Filing Process:
- Log in to GST Portal (www.gst.gov.in) using your credentials.
- Navigate to Services > Returns > Returns Dashboard.
- Select the financial year and return period, then click Prepare Online under GSTR-1.
- Enter the following details:
- B2B (Business-to-Business) Sales – Invoice details of taxable sales to registered businesses.
- B2C (Business-to-Consumer) Sales – Summary of sales to unregistered consumers.
- Exports & Debit/Credit Notes, if applicable.
- Click Generate Summary, review the details, and submit.
- File the return using Electronic Verification Code (EVC) or Digital Signature Certificate (DSC).
✔ Due Date:
- 11th of the next month (monthly filers).
- 13th of the month after the quarter (quarterly filers under QRMP scheme).
2. How to File GSTR-2 (Suspended Return for Purchases)
GSTR-2 was designed to report purchases (inward supplies) and claim Input Tax Credit (ITC) but has been suspended since 2017 due to technical and compliance challenges.
Alternative: Use GSTR-2A and GSTR-2B
- GSTR-2A is an auto-generated purchase report based on supplier filings.
- GSTR-2B helps businesses track eligible ITC.
- Use these reports to verify ITC claims in GSTR-3B.
3. How to File GSTR-3B (Summary Return for Tax Payment)
GSTR-3B is a self-declared summary return that reports total sales, purchases, ITC claims, and tax liability.
Step-by-Step Filing Process:
- Log in to GST Portal and go to Returns Dashboard.
- Select the return period and click Prepare Online under GSTR-3B.
- Fill in the required details:
- Total sales and taxable value.
- Output GST liability (CGST, SGST, IGST, and Cess, if applicable).
- Eligible ITC from GSTR-2B (purchases, imports, etc.).
- Tax payable after adjusting ITC.
- Click Proceed to Payment and pay the tax using net banking, debit/credit card, or challan.
- Submit and file the return using EVC or DSC.
✔ Due Date: 20th of the next month (or staggered dates for small taxpayers).
Importance of Filing GSTR-1, GSTR-2, and GSTR-3B
✔ Ensures GST compliance and avoids penalties.
✔ Helps businesses claim ITC accurately.
✔ Maintains proper tax records for audits.
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